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Reza Shah, also known as Reza Khan, was the founder of the Pahlavi dynasty in Iran. He was born on March 15, 1878, in the city of Alasht in Mazandaran province, Iran. He rose to power in 1921 through a military coup and became the Prime Minister of Iran. In 1925, he declared himself the shah (king) of Iran and ruled until 1941.
During his reign, Reza Shah implemented a series of reforms to modernize Iran and bring it into the 20th century. He abolished the traditional Islamic dress code and required men to wear Western-style suits and women to remove their veils. He also established a secular education system, built roads, bridges, and railways, and encouraged industrial development.
However, Reza Shah’s rule was also marked by authoritarianism and suppression of political opposition. He centralized power, suppressed free speech and press, and used his secret police force to maintain order. His pro-German stance during World War II ultimately led to his forced abdication in 1941, and his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, succeeded him as shah of Iran.
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